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How Hands On Physics And Chemistry Experiments Help Engage Kids

2/16/2025

 
Science is all about discovery, and there’s no better way to introduce primary-aged children to physics and chemistry than with hands-on experiments! These activities will not only teach them important scientific concepts but also ignite their curiosity about the forces and reactions that shape our world. From gravity to chemical reactions, the possibilities are endless when it comes to exploring science in fun, engaging ways.
Exploring physics and chemistry with hands on experiments

Exploring Forces and Reactions with Fun Physics and Chemistry Experiments

Here are some simple experiments that demonstrate basic principles of physics and chemistry. Perfect for both classroom teachers and homeschoolers, these activities will help kids learn the scientific method while exploring the exciting world of forces and reactions.
samples of experiments

Experiment Highlight: Balloon Rocket – Exploring Forces and Motion

Ask A Question: What happens to a balloon when it is blown up but not tied up?

Make A Hypothesis: I think ....
Materials Needed:
  • A long piece of string (about 6-8 feet)
  • A straw
  • A balloon
  • Tape
  • A plastic bottle or small plastic funnel (optional for extra support)
Steps:
  1. Thread the string through the straw and tie the string tightly between two objects, such as two chairs, at a height that allows the string to be pulled tight.
  2. Inflate the balloon but do not tie it off. Instead, tape the balloon to the straw, ensuring the opening of the balloon is facing toward one end of the string.
  3. Release the air from the balloon and watch it zoom along the string.
Observations/Results:
Ask kids to describe what happens when the balloon deflates. What makes the balloon move? Can they observe how the force of air pushing out of the balloon propels it forward? This is a great introduction to the concept of action and reaction—in this case, the force of the air being pushed out of the balloon creates an equal and opposite reaction, pushing the balloon along the string.
Conclusion:
This simple experiment demonstrates Newton’s Third Law of Motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It’s a fun and visual way to see how forces work and how they affect motion.
balloon experiment

Experiment Highlight: The Baking Soda and Vinegar Reaction – Chemistry in Action

Ask A Question: What will happen if we combine baking soda and vinegar?

Make A Hypothesis: I think ....
Materials Needed:
  • Baking soda
  • Vinegar
  • A small container or bottle
  • A tray or dish to catch spills
  • A spoon
Steps:
  1. Place 2-3 tablespoons of baking soda into a small container or bottle.
  2. Pour vinegar slowly into the container with the baking soda.
  3. Watch the reaction happen as bubbles begin to form and the contents fizz up.
Observations/Results:
Ask children to observe and describe the fizzing reaction. What do they think is causing the bubbles? Is there a change in temperature? They can record their observations on an observation chart or in a science journal.
Conclusion:
This experiment is a fantastic example of a chemical reaction—when an acid (vinegar) reacts with a base (baking soda), it creates carbon dioxide gas, which is responsible for the bubbles. This simple reaction is a great way to talk about how substances can change when combined and how new substances can be formed in the process.
volcano experiment

Encourage Exploration: Extensions and Variations

  1. Experiment with Different Quantities:
    • What happens if you use more baking soda or vinegar?
    • Have kids make predictions and test their ideas. They can experiment with the amount of vinegar and observe the size of the bubbles or the rate of the reaction.
  1. Explore Different Materials:
    • Try using other substances like lemon juice instead of vinegar. What happens then?
    • Experiment with different containers to see how the size and shape affect the reaction.
  1. Explore Temperature Effects:
    • Try warming the vinegar before adding it to the baking soda and observe if the reaction speeds up. Why do you think that happens?
different types of ramp surfaces

Experiment Highlight: How Friction Affects Movement


Ask A Question: How does the type of surface affect how far a toy car travels?
Make A Hypothesis: I think ....
Materials Needed:
  • A toy car
  • A ramp
  • Surfaces (carpet, sandpaper, smooth tile, cardboard)
  • Measuring tape
Steps:
  1. Set up the ramp and place one surface at the bottom.
  2. Release the toy car from the top of the ramp and measure how far it travels.
  3. Repeat the test three times for each surface and record the results.
  4. Average the distances for each surface and compare.
Observations/Results:
Ask children to describe what happens when they let the car travel across the different surfaces. Make a table or graph to show the distance results.
Conclusion:
Discuss which surfaces created the most friction and how this affected the car's motion. This experiment demonstrates how friction can impact the movement of things.
Ready to try more fun experiments? Download my Experiment Planning Templates sampler and plan more exciting activities you can try with your students at home or in the classroom!
experiment planning templates sampler
Get your free templates here

Fun With Forces And Reactions

Exploring forces and chemical reactions with young learners is a fantastic way to spark their interest in science. Whether it’s watching a balloon rocket zoom across the room or observing a bubbling reaction, these experiments give children a chance to see science in action and understand the principles behind everyday phenomena.
​
By in
corporating experiments like these into your lessons, you’ll help kids connect abstract concepts to real-world experiences. They’ll begin to understand how the world works through the lens of observation, curiosity, and experimentation.
exploring science and having fun with hands on experiments
Thank you for joining me on this journey through the wonderful world of science! I hope these blog posts have provided you with valuable insights and inspiration for engaging young learners with the scientific method, life cycles, and hands-on experiments. Whether you're in the classroom or homeschooling, science can be fun and rewarding for children at any age. Keep exploring, experimenting, and sparking curiosity!
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Talk soon. Thanks for stopping by. Charlene

Tips for school and home primary science
Exploring the wonders of science

How To Help Make Learning About Plant And Animal Life Cycles Exciting For Kids

2/9/2025

 
Science is full of amazing wonders, and for young learners, there’s nothing quite as exciting as watching things grow and change right before their eyes! In this post, we’ll dive into biology-focused experiments that allow kids to explore life cycles and the process of growth in plants and animals.

These hands-on activities are perfect for both classroom teachers and homeschoolers looking to create meaningful, interactive science lessons.
​
As we explore life and growth, we’ll follow the scientific method and learn how to make predictions, observe changes, and draw conclusions. Let’s get started!
Exploring life cycles and their changes

Experiment Highlight: Growing Seeds – The Science of Plant Growth

Question: What will happen to the seeds when we put them in a bag with a wet paper towel and place them in the window?
Make a Hypothesis: I think .......
Materials Needed:
  • Paper towels
  • Ziploc bags
  • Water
  • Clear plastic cups or containers
  • Seeds (e.g., beans, sunflower seeds, or peas)
Steps:
  1. Moisten a paper towel with water (not too wet, just damp).
  2. Place the paper towel inside a Ziploc bag, folding it neatly so there’s enough space for air to circulate.
  3. Insert a few seeds between the paper towel and the bag. Make sure the seeds are visible and in contact with the damp paper towel.
  4. Seal the bag and place it in a sunny spot, such as a windowsill.
  5. Over the next few days, observe the seeds and track their growth.
Observations/Results:
Kids will watch as the seeds begin to sprout roots and shoots. Encourage them to make daily observations and use a chart to record what they see. They can record changes like the length of the root, color changes, and how fast the plant is growing. They might even want to take pictures to show how things change.
Conclusion:
After a week or two, have the kids reflect on the growth of the seeds. Did the seeds grow as expected? How did they change? Use this as an opportunity to discuss plant needs, such as sunlight, water, and space. Connect this experiment to the concept of the plant life cycle.
bean seed life cycle

Exploring Life Cycles: The Butterfly Life Cycle

Ask A Question: How does the egg becomes a butterfly?
Make A Hypothesis: I think ....
Materials Needed:
  • Butterfly life cycle chart (you can print or draw one)
  • Pictures of caterpillars, chrysalises, and butterflies
  • A small butterfly habitat or jar (optional, for real-life observation)
Steps:
  1. Introduce the butterfly life cycle using pictures or a chart. Discuss the stages: egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa (chrysalis), and adult (butterfly).
  2. If available, order a butterfly habitat kit where you can observe caterpillars turning into butterflies. Otherwise, show pictures and videos of the process.
  3. Have the children draw the life cycle and label each stage.
Observations/Results:
Ask kids to think about the different stages of the butterfly’s life. What do they notice about how the caterpillar changes into a butterfly? How does it look different at each stage?
Conclusion:
This experiment offers a chance to discuss metamorphosis, which is the process of changing from one form to another. You can also connect this to the plant experiment by comparing how living things (plants and animals) grow and change.
life cycle of a butterfly poster



​Check out this resource if you would like to have posters and information and activities about the life cycle of a buttlerfly. Click on the image to find out more.

Encourage Exploration: Extensions and Variations

  1. Test Different Growing Conditions for Seeds:
    • Try growing seeds in different light conditions (direct sunlight vs. shade).
    • Experiment with varying amounts of water to see how it affects growth.
    • Let kids make predictions before starting each variation.
  1. Observe Other Living Organisms:
    • If possible, try observing the growth of a small pet (e.g., a fish or a hamster) and compare its growth to the plants.
    • Discuss how animals and plants have different needs.
  1. Document the Growth:
    • Use a plant journal or a digital camera to record the plant’s growth.
    • Have kids draw pictures of the plant at different stages.
plant observation journal





Check out this resource if you would like to have a recording journal for your plant observations. Click on the image to find out more.

Grab your free copy of this life cycle template. It's great for use with animals and plants.
life cycle template
Click here for your free template

Making Connections Between Life and Growth

By exploring the science of life cycles and plant growth, children gain a hands-on understanding of the processes that sustain life. These experiments provide valuable opportunities to practice the scientific method, from making predictions to recording observations and drawing conclusions.
​
The beauty of these activities is that they encourage curiosity and allow kids to explore how living things grow, change, and interact with their environment. Whether you’re teaching in a classroom or homeschooling, these experiments bring biology to life in a fun and accessible way.
Making connections between life cycles and growth
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How To Help Make Using The Scientific Method Fun For Kids

2/2/2025

 
Science can be a lot of fun for young learners! When we teach kids the scientific method, we’re helping them build critical thinking skills that will last a lifetime.

But what is the scientific method? It’s simply a process scientists use to explore the world around them. In this post series, I’ll break down the steps of the scientific method and show you how you can apply them with simple, engaging experiments that will excite your children.
​
Whether you're teaching in a classroom or homeschooling, these activities will help primary-aged children practice the essential steps of scientific inquiry. Let's dive in!
fun with the scientific methods

The Scientific Method: A Quick Overview

There are basically 6 steps in the scientific method.

  1. Ask a Question: Every experiment starts with a question. Encourage children to ask "Why?" or "How?" to spark their curiosity. For example, “What will happen if we mix baking soda and vinegar?”
  2. Make a Hypothesis: A hypothesis is a prediction based on what children think will happen. It’s okay if they’re not always right—this is all part of the learning process! For example, “I think the baking soda will bubble when it mixes with vinegar.”
  3. Test the Hypothesis (Materials Needed and Procedure Followed): This is where the fun happens! Have kids conduct an experiment to test their hypothesis. They’ll gather materials, follow steps, and make observations.
  4. Observe: Observation is key. Children should describe what they see, hear, and sometimes smell! It’s a great opportunity to practice language skills while diving into science.
  5. Record Results: It's important to make notes about what is observed and noticed so that conclusions can be made based on this information.
  6. Draw a Conclusion: After the experiment, kids should reflect on whether their hypothesis was correct or not. This is where they learn from the experiment and understand the cause and effect behind the results.
Steps for the scientific method

Let's Put It Into Action

What better way to understand the scientific method than to put it into action. Let's take a look at an experiment that uses the scientific method as it's framework. 
making a volcano

Experiment Highlight: Fizzing Volcano

  1. Ask a Question
    Start with an engaging question:
    “What will happen when we mix baking soda and vinegar?”
    Encourage predictions: “Will it bubble? Will it stay the same?”
  2. Make a Hypothesis
    Explain that a hypothesis is a guess based on what they know.
    Example: “I think it will make bubbles because I’ve seen soda fizz when shaken.”
  3. Test the Hypothesis
    Gather materials:
    • A small container (like a cup or plastic bottle).
    • Baking soda.
    • Vinegar.
    • Optional: Food coloring and dish soap for a colorful, foamy eruption.
    • A tray or towel to catch the mess.
  1. Steps:
    • Place the container on the tray.
    • Add a few drops of food coloring and a squirt of dish soap for extra fun.
    • Spoon 2–3 tablespoons of baking soda into the container.
    • Quickly pour in about ¼ cup of vinegar and watch the eruption!
  1. Observe and Record
    Provide a simple observation sheet:
    • Record what happens (bubbles, fizzing, foam, the speed of the reaction).
    • Ask questions: “How high did the foam go? Did it happen quickly or slowly?”
    • Draw or write about what they see.
  1. Draw a Conclusion
    Discuss what they learned:
    After the eruption, discuss the science behind it. Explain that the baking soda (a base) reacts with the vinegar (an acid) to create carbon dioxide gas. This is the fizzing and bubbling action they observed. They’ll begin to understand how chemicals can react and produce new substances!
    Introduce the idea of chemical reactions in simple terms, like “It’s like two ingredients making something new!”
I think this will happen
Encourage Exploration: Extensions and Variations
Once the basic experiment is done, it’s time to explore! Here are some ways you can extend the learning:
  1. Test the Effect of Different Quantities:
    • What happens if you use more baking soda? Less vinegar?
    • Have kids make predictions and test their ideas.
  2. Explore the Reaction with Other Materials: Try using lemon juice instead of vinegar, or try adding salt to see what happens!
  3. Relate it to Real Life:
  1. Ask your students, “Where else might we see a chemical reaction like this?”
  2. Discuss how chemical reactions are important in real-world situations, such as in cooking or even rocket propulsion!
Grab a free copy of this poster that helps to explain the steps of the scientific method.
Scientific Method poster
Click to get your free poster

Get Kids Excited About Science!

The scientific method is an exciting way to teach kids to think critically and solve problems. By conducting simple experiments like the Fizzing Volcano, children not only learn about science, but they also build observation and reasoning skills. They begin to see the world through the lens of curiosity, asking questions and finding answers in fun and hands-on ways.
Get kids excited about science
Would you like to see more experiments like this? Be sure to check out my future blog posts for more examples of the scientific method in action.
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Talk soon. Thanks for stopping by. Charlene

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How To Help Make Back To School Easier For Teachers With Ready Made Resources

8/18/2024

 
Back to school time can be exciting, or stressful and overwhelming. Kids are full of energy and not in routine mode any more. Some will be excited and eager to get back to school, but others may be anxious or unmotivated to be back.

Nowadays teachers often do some basic planning to get started the first few weeks, but with all the possible changes to class configurations due to budgets and enrolment, it doesn't always work to do extensive planning too early.

Here is a roundup of some resources that can help with first weeks planning for primary grades. They cover several different subject areas.


low prep resources to deal with stress

Back to School First Weeks Activities

These 6 different resources help with getting started and engaging kids while reviewing some basic skills. They are a collection of games, worksheets, task cards and activities.
back to school ready to go kit
back to school ready to go kit details

Back to School Classroom Management

Effective classroom management is key for creating a positive and successful learning environment. Here are some tools for helping to create a caring and respectful environment in your classroom.
classroom management ready to go kit
classroom management ready to go kit details

SEL

Back to school SEL activities are important as well. Here are a few different resources that might help to promote a positive attitude in your classroom. For more specific SEL resources, check out these social stories and activities.
self esteem ready to go kit
self esteem ready to go kit details
SEL social stories and activities resources

Back to School Math

This set has basic fact sheets for addition and subtraction, place value activities, glyphs, fact family worksheets, and several other review activities to help kids review basic skills and concepts.
math ready to go kit
math ready to go kit details

Back to School Science

Science experiments are fun to do and help develop the different components of the scientific method. This kit includes experiments, a scientific method poster, some amazing weather facts posters, a plant life cycle and needs resource, a bean plant journal, a life cycle of an apple resource and animal research templates.
science ready to go kit
science ready to go kit details

Back to School Literacy

Get literacy activities that focus on word development, parts of speech, vocabulary, idioms, writing using the five senses, and looking for evidence when reading with this kit. These are fun activities and task cards that are sure to engage students as they practice these skills.
literacy ready to go kit
literacy ready to go kit details

The Ultimate Primary Teachers Ready To Go Kit

If you would like to have a resource that contains all the above items you should check out the Ultimate Primary Teachers Ready To Go Kit. It has 65+ resources to make your prep easy and can be used to jumpstart your new school year. It can also be a go to kit for unexpected situations when you need to have someone take over your class.
ready to go  kit
ready to go kit details

The Ready To Go Sampler Kit

If you aren't sure about getting the whole kit or you only want a few items from a variety of subjects, try out this sampler kit. It gives you a few activities for back to school, classroom management, literacy, math, science, self esteem, team building, and brain breaks.
sampler ready to go kit
sampler ready to go kit details
If you are wanting a good start to your year that doesn't have you stressed out or overwhelmed with planning give one or more of these resources a try. The previews also have some sample pages to use. Check them out in my TPT store. 

I wish you a happy and successful school year. Happy teaching.
ready to go kit low prep resources for back to school
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Talk soon. Thanks for stopping by. Charlene

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10+ Solar System Activities To Engage Children And Spark Curiosity

3/24/2024

 
Are you thinking about teaching a solar system unit to your students? Capture the attention and wonder of these young children with a hands on approach that allows them to actually see how different aspects work and why they are so phenomenal.
​
​Here are some activities and experiments that will help your students better understand the workings of our amazing solar system.
10+ solar system activities to engage children and spark their curiosity

Solar System Activities And Projects

Creating models, doing research on the planets, making mobiles, making puzzles or games or other activities will all make the solar system more understandable for your students and they will have fun learning as well.

​Here are a few specific activities that can be done.

Solar System Models

Encourage students to create a three-dimensional model of the solar system using everyday materials such as clay, papier-mâché, or recycled materials. As they design and construct their models, they'll gain a deeper understanding of the relative sizes, distances, and orbits of the planets. ​They can paint each planet according to its distinctive colors and sizes and then arrange them in order around a central "sun" display.

​​Get students to create space-themed mobiles featuring the planets and other celestial bodies. They can use colored paper, string, and craft materials to construct their mobiles, incorporating facts about each planet into their designs.
girl with model of the solar system

Planets Facts Activities

​Assign each student or group of students a planet to research and create a fact sheet. They can include information such as the planet's size, distance from the Sun, number of moons, and any interesting facts they discover. Encourage them to use both text and illustrations to present their findings.

Have students research individual planets and create informative posters or digital presentations highlighting key facts, such as size, composition, atmosphere, and unique features. They can use their creativity to design eye-catching visuals and share interesting tidbits about their assigned planets.

​​Create puzzles or matching games featuring images of the planets and their names. This activity reinforces students' recognition of the planets and helps them learn their order from the Sun.
planets of the solar system

Planet Orbits

​Set up a large-scale model of the solar system on the floor or outdoors using hoops, tape, or markers to represent the orbits of the planets. Have students take on the roles of different planets and walk or run along their orbits to understand the concept of planetary motion.

Phases Of The Moon

​Use Oreo cookies to demonstrate the phases of the Moon. Have students carefully scrape away the cream filling to represent each phase, from new moon to full moon, and then arrange the cookies in the correct order.
cookie phases of the moon

Another Moon Activity

Invite students to explore the surface of the Moon by designing and building their own lunar landscapes. Using a variety of materials such as sand, rocks, and modeling clay, they can recreate the craters, mountains, and valleys found on Earth's natural satellite.

​

Space Themed Story Writing And Illustrating

​Encourage students to let their imaginations take flight by writing and illustrating their own space-themed stories or comics. They can invent characters, plot exciting adventures, and explore the wonders of the solar system in a creative and imaginative way.
girl writing about the solar system

Solar System Experiments

These experiments are fairly easy to do as a class and they provide hands-on opportunities for students to explore fundamental concepts related to the solar system while fostering curiosity, critical thinking, and scientific inquiry.

Relative Sizes And Distance Of The Planets From The Sun

The sizes of the planets will range from a peppercorn to a large balloon and the distances will be so great that you may need to take the experiment outside to relatively see just how far away some planets are from the sun.
Note: These suggestions are not totally to scale, but are just to see the differences comparatively in size and distance. ​This experiment will help students visualize the scale and arrangement of the solar system.

Here are some size tips to help. (Note: Pluto was included just for interest as it used to be considered a planet).
Sun - large beach ball
Mercury - pea
Venus - ping pong ball
Earth - tennis ball
Mars - golf ball
Jupiter - soccer ball
Saturn - large balloon
Uranus - medium size balloon
Neptune - medium size balloon
(Pluto) - peppercorn

Here are some approximate measurements for distance based on 50 yards between the sun and Neptune. (Note: using 50 meters will not significantly change the distances as a meter and a yard are only a few inches different in length).
Mercury - 0.65 yards 
Venus -  1.3 yards
Earth -  1.66 yards
Mars - 2.52 yards
Jupiter - 8.66 yards
Saturn - 15.92 yards
Uranus - 31.87 yards
Neptune - 50 yards
(Pluto) - 65.57 yards

Orbital Motion Experiment

Use a spinning chair, like a computer chair, to demonstrate orbital motion. Have students sit on the chair while holding a ball (representing a planet) and spin slowly. As they rotate, explain how the combination of forward motion and gravity keeps planets in orbit around the Sun.

Gravity Experiment

Explore the concept of gravity by dropping objects of different sizes and weights from the same height. Discuss how gravity affects the motion of objects in space and why planets orbit the Sun in elliptical paths rather than flying off into space. Here is an experiment that shows how gravity works. 
the clink-clunk test
Click here to get a free copy

Moon Related Experiments

​Use a flashlight and a ball (representing the Moon) to demonstrate the different phases of the Moon. Have students observe how the position of the light source (Sun) relative to the ball creates shadows, mimicking the waxing and waning phases of the Moon.

​Create impact craters similar to those found on the Moon's surface. Fill a shallow tray with flour or sand, then drop small objects (marbles, rocks, or balls of varying sizes) onto the surface from different heights. Observe and discuss the shapes and sizes of the craters formed.

Use a flashlight and objects of different shapes to explore how shadows are formed. Move the objects closer to or farther from the light source and observe how the size and shape of the shadows change. Discuss how sunlight creates shadows on planets and moons.

Exploring Planet Atmospheres Experiment

Create mini "planets" using balloons filled with different gases (helium, carbon dioxide, air). Observe how the balloons behave in various conditions (e.g., heated or cooled) to understand the role of atmospheres in planetary dynamics.

Student Projects

Student projects are a great way to involve the family as well as classmates when learning about the solar system. Check out this blog post for some ways that my students have created projects in the past.
capture the wonder and curiosity of kids with solar system activities
By combining teaching about the solar system with a variety of student-led projects, we'll not only deepen our students' understanding of the universe but also encourage creativity, critical thinking, and collaboration. Embarking on this cosmic journey  with your students can inspire the next generation of astronomers, engineers, and explorers!
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How To Engage Your Students With Teaching About The Solar System

3/17/2024

 
Picture the excitement on your students' faces when they learn that they are going to study the solar system. Watch the awe in their eyes as they learn about the colossal power of the Sun, the magnitude of the galaxy, the rocky planets and the gas giants, and all the other cosmic bodies in the solar system.
​
Teaching about the solar system provides students with the opportunity to satisfy some of their curiosity and learn more about the awesome galaxy they are a part of. 
As they journey through the solar system, they'll use their imaginations, ask lots of questions, and maybe even build models.  They'll learn about the planets' names, sizes, and distances from the Sun. They'll explore why some planets are hot and others are cold, and they'll discover what makes Earth so special and unique.

How studying the solar system engages your students' curiosity
Depending on the age of the children, the study will be different in scope and depth. For young kids, it's important to introduce the solar system in a way that is engaging, understandable, and sparks their curiosity about space. Here are some suggestions for teaching primary children about the solar system. These are broad topics and can be approached in many different ways. Using hands on activities and visuals will help make things more understandable and engaging.

What is the solar system?

Basic information: The Solar System is a vast  galaxy made up of the Sun, eight planets, numerous moons, asteroids, comets, and other celestial objects. Each of these entities possesses unique characteristics and features that offer valuable insights into the workings of the universe.
Teaching tip:
Introduce the solar system with engaging lessons that include interactive activities and multimedia resources to spark curiosity and lay the groundwork for deeper exploration.
the planets in orbit around the sun

The sun

Basic information: The sun is a giant ball of fire, keeping us warm and giving us light. It's a star too, but it's a lot closer to us than all the other stars we see twinkling in the night sky.
Teaching tip:
Teach children that the Sun is a star, and it's the center of our solar system. Explain that the Sun provides light and heat to all the planets. It provides energy, has solar flares and sunspots and helps sustain life on Earth. All the planets revolve around the sun. Use visuals that show the sunspots and flares, and how the orbits of the planets are ordered.


our sun

The planets

Basic information: There are eight planets in our solar system. Each one is unique and special. There are two different groups of planets: the rocky planets and the gas planets. The rocky planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. These planets are like big balls of rock. They are the inner planets in the solar system and the closest to the sun.
The gas planets are often referred to as gas giants because they are so big. They contain various gases in their atmospheres. They are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune Some of them have colorful rings around them. They are also the outer planets and further away from the sun. 
Teaching tip:
Introduce the eight planets orbiting the Sun, categorizing them into rocky (inner) and gas giants (outer) planets. Explore each planet's unique characteristics, including size, composition, atmosphere, and surface features. Teach students to recognize the planets by their names and order from the Sun. Help them understand the relative sizes of the planets and their distances from the Sun. Use simple comparisons, such as "Earth is bigger than Mars but smaller than Jupiter" and "Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun."


the planets

Orbits and moons

Basic information: Orbits are paths that the planets take when revolving around the sun. The gravitational pull of the sun keeps the planets  orbiting the Sun in elliptical paths rather than flying off into space. Moons are natural satellites orbiting some planets. They have diverse sizes, shapes, and orbits,
Teaching tip:
Explain that planets orbit, or revolve around, the Sun in paths called orbits. Teach children that the time it takes for a planet to complete one orbit is called a year. Introduce the concept of moons as natural satellites that orbit planets. Point out that some planets have many moons, like Jupiter, while others have none, like Venus. Look at models of the solar system and the orbits that the various planets take.
orbits and moons

How does day and night work?

Basic information: It takes 24 hours for Earth to rotate completely. As it rotates, different areas are facing the sun. These areas have light and the other areas have darkness. We call the light "day" and the darkness "night".
​Teaching tip:
Discuss the concept of day and night on Earth and how it's caused by the rotation, or spinning, of the Earth on its axis. Help children understand that it takes about 24 hours for the Earth to make one complete rotation. Using a flashlight and a globe can provide a good visual of how day and night happen.
day and night

Why do we have seasons on Earth?

Basic information: As Earth revolves around the sun, it has different seasons because of the tilt of its axis. When the tilt causes areas of Earth to be facing the sun for longer periods of time it is summer and when it causes the area to be facing away from the sun for longer periods of time, it is winter. Spring and fall happen as the different areas change position from facing to the sun to facing away from the sun and vice versa.
Teaching tip:
​Teach children about the changing seasons on Earth and how they're caused by the tilt of Earth's axis as it orbits the Sun. Use simple visuals, such as diagrams,  illustrations, or videos to demonstrate this concept.
the seasons
Next time I will give some specific activities to further develop the topics above. These will help engage the children with hands on activities to provide better understanding of the concepts. In the meantime, here is a resource that may help with some basic information about the planets and also provide some fun activities to try.
The solar system: activities for learning about the planets
The benefits of studying the solar system extend far beyond the confines of our classrooms. As teachers, we can cultivate essential skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and scientific inquiry. We can also foster a deep appreciation for the natural world and inspire future generations of scientists, engineers, and space explorers.
discovering the wonders of the solar system. Teaching kids about space
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Why Spring Time Is A Great Time For Studying Life Cycles Of Plants And Animals

3/10/2024

 
Spring is fast approaching and that means flowers poking up out of the earth, trees blossoming, grass getting green and lush again and kids wanting to get outside to play. This is the perfect time to start thinking about new science units that focus on life cycles, planting things, and watching baby animals as they start their lives and grow.
Spring is coming. Time to explore plants and their life cycles.
Planting seeds is a great way to help kids understand how we get a variety of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. This is the perfect season to start seedlings in the classroom as well. This has always been a great activity for my students.

There are many different ways to plant the seeds and watch them grow. Check out this post to see some examples.
hands holding seeds
Taking the seedlings and planting them outside in the late spring is an event worth celebrating. If you have garden plots at the school, it is a fun way to keep monitoring and tending to them as they grow. Kids get so excited when the first fruits appear. I still have kids reminding me of the beans and tomatoes they grew when they were in my class.
kids planting seedlings
Beans, radishes, lettuce, and other plants tend to grow fairly quickly. Other plants take longer and will require more patience as kids wait to harvest them. This is a great time to talk about how not everything progresses at the same rate. 
If you are looking at planting other types of fruit or vegetables, check out my plant life cycles bundle. It includes apples, carrots, pumpkins, potatoes, and beans. 
pictures of different plant life cycle resources
Watching baby chicks hatch, releasing salmon fry, observing the metamorphosis of butterflies from caterpillar to butterfly, or the transformation of a tadpole to a frog are awe inspiring sights for kids and they get so excited during these events. 
Spring is the time to study baby animals.
​Choosing an animal to observe from it's start through to adulthood is a great hands on unit that helps kids understand how life cycles work. Check out my animal life cycles bundle for resources that may help if you are interested in studying about chickens, frogs, salmon, honey bees, or butterflies.
butterfly and frog life cycle images
Check out this life cycle template freebie that helps with identifying the different stages of growth for plants or animals.
Life cycle template
Grab your life cycle freebie here
Deciding on what plant life cycles or animal life cycles you will study will depend on the interests of your students and the availability of resources and time. ​Whatever life cycles you choose to investigate, enjoy the moments and the excitement and wonder as your students learn.
Why teaching kids about the life cycles of plants and animals is great to do in the spring time.
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Studying animal life cycles

7 Fun Winter Measurement Activities That Combine Math And Science

1/28/2024

 
Winter provides a magical and snowy backdrop for engaging and educational activities in the classroom. As primary teachers, incorporating measurement into winter-themed lessons can make learning more fun and engaging for young students.

Check out 7 creative measurement activities that will not only capture the imagination of your students but also blend math and science ideas.
7 snow activities that can make measurement more fun for kids

Snowman Size Challenge

Kids love building snowmen, so why not bring the fun into the classroom. Have your students build the snowmen just outside the classroom so they can see them throughout the day. If you add in some math and science, it will make the activity even more fun.

Task: Get your students to measure the circumference of the different parts of their snowmen and then compare the results with their classmates.
Math focus: measuring the size of different parts of a snowman helps with understanding shapes and sizes.
Science focus: Observing the structure of the snowman introduces basic geometric principles.
Fun thought: The snowman's middle could be as wide as a bear hug!


girl hugging snowman

Snow Depth Investigations

When the snow falls, it doesn't fall evenly. it can be varying depths due to wind, landscape and nearby structures or trees.
​
Task: Take advantage of this winter landscape by measuring the depth of snow in various locations. Students can use rulers to measure snow depth on the driveway, grass, under trees, and in snowdrifts. This activity not only teaches measurement skills but also encourages observation and data collection.
Math focus: Using rulers to check how deep the snow is in different places, helps teach about numbers and spatial concepts.
Science focus: Comparing snow depth in different locations encourages the understanding of weather patterns and how snow accumulates.
Fun fact: The snow on the grass is like a fluffy pillow, while the snowdrifts resemble magical mountains. 
different snow depths

Winter Temperature Study

Braving the cold to measure temperatures on snow days is exciting for kids.  As the wind howls and the snowflakes dance, students can collect temperatures and then use the data to make comparisons.

Task: Explore the winter weather and record temperatures on snow days and compare them with non-snow days. Include the windchill factor.
Math focus: Recording and comparing temperatures involves analyzing and interpreting data.
Science focus: Understand the impact of windchill and how it makes the temperature feel colder. 
cold temperatures

Winter Themed Baking

Combine the joy of winter with the excitement of baking by creating winter-themed treats.

Task: Practice following recipes and using precise measurements to make some delicious snacks.
Math focus: Precise measurements in baking emphasize the importance of accurate calculations.
Science focus: The baking process shows the transformation of ingredients, introducing basic chemistry concepts.
kids baking winter treats

Weight Of Different Snow Types

Kids are excited to learn that different types of snow have different weights and why this is so.

Task: Compare the weight of flaky, packed, and wet snow.
Math focus: Weighing different types of snow involves understanding units of measurement and comparing weights.
Science focus: Exploring the weight of snow types connects to the physical properties of water in different states.
Fun fact: Packed snow feels like a heavy snowball, while flaky snow is as light as a snowflake gently falling from the sky and weighs very little.
different types of snow

Snow Angel Wing Span Measurement

Take your students outdoors for some winter fun by making snow angels. After creating their snowy masterpieces, have them measure the wing spans of their snow angels. This activity combines creativity with measurement, making it a memorable and enjoyable experience for students.

Task: Make snow angels and measure the wing spans.
Math focus: Measuring wing spans involves comparing lengths and learning about spatial relationships
Science focus: Creating snow angels introduces the physics of body imprints and the impact of pressure on snow.
snow angels

Melting Snow Volume Experiment

The grand finale of our winter measurement activities is a melting snow experiment. 

Task: Explore the concept of volume by measuring the amount of snow in a bucket before and after it melts. 
Math focus: Measuring volume requires understanding of units and how they relate to three-dimensional space.
Science focus: This experiment allows students to witness the transformation of a solid (snow) into a liquid (water) while practicing measurement and observation skills.
snow and melted snow
Winter provides a unique opportunity to make measurement activities in the classroom exciting and relevant for primary students. By delving into these winter measurement activities, students not only strengthen their math skills but also develop a deeper appreciation for the science that surrounds them in the winter wonderland. The joy of discovery is not just in the snowflakes but in the math and science concepts that come to life during these hands-on adventures.
How snow can make winter measurement activities more fun for kids
​Winter measurement activities aren't just about numbers and rulers; they're about creating lasting memories and instilling a love for learning. As primary teachers, let's embrace the enchantment of the season and turn our classrooms into snowy laboratories where every measurement tells a tale of winter wonder. The joy in their eyes and the laughter in the air will be the true measures of success in your winter measurement adventures.
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5 Solar System Projects That Help Students Share Their Knowledge

12/24/2023

 
Solar system projects are fun to do and they allow for student choice when selecting how they wish to share their knowledge. This has always be a great way to showcase my students to their parents, other students, and the school community.
5 different activities for sharing knowledge about the solar system
It's amazing how much young children can learn and how excited they can get about a subject when it is approached in this manner. Here is the project and options that I used.

It's important to emphasize that no matter what form of project is selected, there is a presentation component that is included. This helps to demonstrate what has been learned and also allows for questions to be asked about the project.
project based learning

Written Report Or Essay

The traditional way to share research is through a written report or essay. Although this is a great way to share information, for some students it is difficult to do, especially when they are younger and emerging writers. 
If kids enjoy writing and sharing knowledge this way, the option should be provided for them. Here is my grandson with his report. He chose this option and was very proud of his presentation to the class and to the parents.
the solar system written report

Model Or Diorama

Models or dioramas are often popular because they are so visual. The key is to make sure that there are enough details or characteristics shown to help with identifying the planets. The descriptions and labels are also very important. 
solar system projects

Postcards

Creating planet postcards is fun to do because it allows for some humor and captions. The idea is to take some key characteristics of the planet and use them in an imaginative way to capture the attention of others. 

Brochures Or Invitations

Brochures or invitations are another imaginative way to represent a planet. It is also a great way to demonstrate how to promote events or objects. 
planet invitations

Interview

Although interviews are an option, this choice is rarely taken because there are not always experts nearby or accessible, however, if a child does have someone that they can connect with, it is a great way to learn more about the solar system from an expert.
solar system project examples

Solar System Resources

Here are a couple of resources that make using projects work. Our Solar System Project is an outline of what is required, a letter to parents, a criteria outline with a simple marking sheet, a solar system test, and some sample photos of completed projects.

The Solar System - Fun Activities For Learning About The Solar System And It's Planets is a new resource that has ready made templates that can accompany the projects or be used by themselves.
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6 Ideas That Make Studying The Solar System Fun For Your Students

12/17/2023

 
Teaching young children about space and the solar system can be an exciting and awe-inspiring experience. Here are some creative ideas to make learning about space engaging for young learners.
Science can be exciting and awe-inspiring. Learning about the solar system

Sweet Moon Phases

Learning about the phases of the moon can be fun if you add in a little bit of sweetness. Try using cream filled cookies to show the different phases of the moon. The amount of cream on the cookie represents the fullness of the moon. It's a tasty and visual way to understand the moon's changing appearance.
sweet moon phases

Solar System Mobile

How many times have you seen a child's room decorated in a space theme? Kids love to imagine they are surrounded by the planets and the stars. What better way to create excitement and fun than to have each child make their own solar system mobile. Provide them with paper plates, paint, markers, and string. They can paint or draw the planets, cut them out, and hang them in order from the Sun to create a miniature representation of the solar system.
solar system mobile

Alien Spaceships

Kids often imagine there are aliens on the different planets and they wonder if we will have visits from them someday. Creating alien spaceships is a fun way to let their imaginations live on. Here are some that my class made one year using the lids of slushy drinks and paper plates.
alien spaceships

Space Stories

As kids learn more about the different planets and the solar system, they can create space stories using some of the information they have learned. Make sure that they include some factual information in the stories but allow them to use their imaginations to create events that happen there based on the facts.
space adventures and stories

Moon Visits And Other Space Adventures

The astronaut visits to the moon took place many years ago, so many children may not know much about them. They would probably enjoy watching video clips from the first steps on the moon and subsequent visits.

They might also like to learn more about space trips to the space stations and what goes on there. 

Maybe they could even learn about the possibility of future space trips to other planets.
landing on the moon

Research Experts

There are many books available that provide information about the inner and outer planets and what we know about them. It would take a long time to go through all of them and learn enough information about each if one person had to do it themselves, but if a group of people each took one or two planets, they could become the experts and share what they learn with the others.
become solar system experts
Mixing fun imaginative activities with research will engage and entertain your students as you venture into the worlds beyond. After exploring and broadening the wonders of space, try doing a project that demonstrates what has been learned.

Doing a project about the solar system with multiple ways of sharing what was learned is a great way to culminate your space unit. This was one of my favorite projects and each time my class did it, the results were incredible. Check out my next blog post for more.details.

Have fun with your explorations of space!
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tips for school and home: How to help primary kids primary science
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    About Me Charlene Sequeira

    I am a wife, mother of 4, grandmother of 9, and a retired primary and music teacher. I love working with kids and continue to volunteer at school and teach ukulele.

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